Alexander Graham Bell ( Edinburgh, Scotland , March 3 of 1847 - Beinn Bhreagh, Canada , August 2 1922 of ) Scientist, inventor and speech therapist Scottish and American . Contributed to the development of telecommunications and aviation technology.
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Biography [ edit]
Alexander was educated at the Royal High School of Edinburgh , from which he graduated at the age of thirteen. When he was still in Scotland, said that Bell was interested in acoustics; interest caused by the deafness of his mother.
When Bell was 23 years, the family moved to Brantford, Canada , where he continued an interest in acoustics. Alexander Graham Bell took the name of his admiration for Alexander Graham, a friend of the Bell family.
In Boston, Bell continued his work in the area. Aided by the help of his assistant Thomas Watson and sponsored by the parents of George Sanders and Mabel Hubbard (with whom he married on July 11, 1877), invented a phone, a device to transmit sound over long distances by converting sound into electrical impulses. The March 7, 1876, was granted a U.S. patent by phone. Awards
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In 1880, Bell received the Volta Prize of the French Academy of Sciences. He invested the money earned this award (50 thousand francs) in the development of a new project, photophone , in collaboration with Charles Sumner Tainter. The invention was trying to transmit the sound using a beam of light, a precursor of optical fiber . He also worked at one of the first sound recording systems known, based on printing a magnetic field to play sounds. The idea was abandoned as not being able to build a prototype, but the basic principles find practical applications for almost a century later, tapes and computers.
In 1882 , Bell obtained U.S. citizenship through naturalization . It was founded in 1888, the National Geographic Society , which was its second president.
Bell received several awards, including the Legion of Honor of French government, the aforementioned Volta Prize, the Albert Medal of the Royal Society of Arts, the Edison Medal, and a Ph.D. from the University of Würzburg. Received 18 patents singles, and twelve more to their employees, including 14 by telephone and telegraph , four by the photophone , one for the phonograph, nine aircraft (including four hydroplanes ) and two selenium cells. Bell is also credited with inventing the metal detector in 1881 .
Controversy over the phone [ edit]
For a long time, Bell has been considered the inventor of the telephone . However, Bell apparently was not the first to create this device, but only the first patent. Thus, the June 11 2002 of the United States Congress adopted Resolution 269 which recognized that the inventor of the telephone was Antonio Meucci and not Alexander Graham Bell.
According to this view, argues that Meucci Graham Bell and the device created quite separately (also thought that there was an indirect cross-referencing between the two researchers). On the other hand, a version supported by the Italian community in U.S. and represented by the Garibaldi-Meucci Museum [and also echoed by the Italian Government exhibits a Meucci as the inventor of the device only saying, in addition to compare dates between research into both creative, Bell got the patent that the device was a product of opportunism of the Scottish and the company they worked: Economic problems that Meucci had throughout her life to pay it prevented the renewal of temporary patent required the U.S. government for inventions such as getting enough money to apply for the final patent, so that in 1873, the Italian had to find a sponsor (later known as the Western Union ), leaving the outlines of the device. The company, meanwhile, sent the sketches to his laboratory for the development of these entrusting the task to Bell who, in 1875 , announced the creation of the telephone, which would bring economic benefits to Western Union without having to allocate Meucci dividends. Finally, they argue that Congress Resolution 693 is a renewal of this release.
Table of Contents [hide ]
Biography [ edit]
Alexander was educated at the Royal High School of Edinburgh , from which he graduated at the age of thirteen. When he was still in Scotland, said that Bell was interested in acoustics; interest caused by the deafness of his mother.
When Bell was 23 years, the family moved to Brantford, Canada , where he continued an interest in acoustics. Alexander Graham Bell took the name of his admiration for Alexander Graham, a friend of the Bell family.
In Boston, Bell continued his work in the area. Aided by the help of his assistant Thomas Watson and sponsored by the parents of George Sanders and Mabel Hubbard (with whom he married on July 11, 1877), invented a phone, a device to transmit sound over long distances by converting sound into electrical impulses. The March 7, 1876, was granted a U.S. patent by phone. Awards
[edit ]
In 1880, Bell received the Volta Prize of the French Academy of Sciences. He invested the money earned this award (50 thousand francs) in the development of a new project, photophone , in collaboration with Charles Sumner Tainter. The invention was trying to transmit the sound using a beam of light, a precursor of optical fiber . He also worked at one of the first sound recording systems known, based on printing a magnetic field to play sounds. The idea was abandoned as not being able to build a prototype, but the basic principles find practical applications for almost a century later, tapes and computers.
In 1882 , Bell obtained U.S. citizenship through naturalization . It was founded in 1888, the National Geographic Society , which was its second president.
Bell received several awards, including the Legion of Honor of French government, the aforementioned Volta Prize, the Albert Medal of the Royal Society of Arts, the Edison Medal, and a Ph.D. from the University of Würzburg. Received 18 patents singles, and twelve more to their employees, including 14 by telephone and telegraph , four by the photophone , one for the phonograph, nine aircraft (including four hydroplanes ) and two selenium cells. Bell is also credited with inventing the metal detector in 1881 .
Controversy over the phone [ edit]
For a long time, Bell has been considered the inventor of the telephone . However, Bell apparently was not the first to create this device, but only the first patent. Thus, the June 11 2002 of the United States Congress adopted Resolution 269 which recognized that the inventor of the telephone was Antonio Meucci and not Alexander Graham Bell.
According to this view, argues that Meucci Graham Bell and the device created quite separately (also thought that there was an indirect cross-referencing between the two researchers). On the other hand, a version supported by the Italian community in U.S. and represented by the Garibaldi-Meucci Museum [and also echoed by the Italian Government exhibits a Meucci as the inventor of the device only saying, in addition to compare dates between research into both creative, Bell got the patent that the device was a product of opportunism of the Scottish and the company they worked: Economic problems that Meucci had throughout her life to pay it prevented the renewal of temporary patent required the U.S. government for inventions such as getting enough money to apply for the final patent, so that in 1873, the Italian had to find a sponsor (later known as the Western Union ), leaving the outlines of the device. The company, meanwhile, sent the sketches to his laboratory for the development of these entrusting the task to Bell who, in 1875 , announced the creation of the telephone, which would bring economic benefits to Western Union without having to allocate Meucci dividends. Finally, they argue that Congress Resolution 693 is a renewal of this release.
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