Analysis free grants and feasibility of renewable energy projects
Possibilities of energy crops
The forecast Development Plan to 3,350 ktoe raise the contribution of primary energy from renewable energy crops, between 800,000 and 1 million hectares, the area required for growing species for energy purposes, regardless of the agricultural land for traditional uses. Since
currently in Spain have stopped growing about two million hectares of dry land, as a result of the implementation of the CAP (Common Agricultural Policy) there is sufficient area for biomass production by such crops, that may represent a good opportunity to revive activity in the agricultural sector.
Among the herbaceous species lignocellulosics, cardoon (Cynara cardunculus L.) seems the most promising for the production of biomass, as a species of the Mediterranean region is well suited to the climate of the Iberian Peninsula. In recent years, Provence cane (Arundo donax), already used by the paper industry, and Brassica carinata, have shown promising results for biomass production.
Possibilities of using agricultural residues
The energy potential of agricultural residues in Spain is estimated at 8,800 ktoe and is now very little or no use, especially for lack of industries can use and which were located in the vicinity of crop fields in which such waste is produced.
If consuming plants create biomass produced by energy crops, which would necessarily be in agricultural areas, it would allow the use of residual biomass crops generated in the catchment area of \u200b\u200bthe plant and thereby significantly increase consumption of this type of waste biomass. Thus it is estimated that total could easily use one of 3 Mtoe of agricultural biomass waste, equivalent to 34% of the potential.
Perspectives in the use of liquid biofuels
The history of biofuels in Spain is relatively recent. Two main lines have been chosen for the introduction of biofuels in the national energy matrix, bioethanol feedstock used as a gasoline additive ETBE and biodiesel directly mixed with fossil diesel. Currently there are only a bioethanol plant in Spain (Cartagena, 100,000 m3 / year capacity), and two plants under construction or planned (Corunna and Salamanca, total capacity 250,000 m3 / y).
currently no biodiesel production plant in the industrial field. There are initiatives in Tarragona and Vitoria to produce it from waste oils and Andalusia from waste oil industry.
Considering the current consumption of fuels Spain 10 Mt of gasoline and 20 Mt of diesel, the substitution of 5% biofuels represent 0.5 Mt of bioethanol and biodiesel 1 Mt.
The future and technological development of biomass
To achieve the objectives of the Plan of Development of Renewable Energy is essential to foster research on biomass production by energy crops. It goes on to develop efficient technologies for converting biomass into solid fuels. These will used to produce both heat and electricity to manufacture automotive liquid biofuel alternative to fossil fuels.
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